Introduction
The American painter Amy Sillman (*1955) is an influential voice in contemporary painting. Her body of work encompasses drawings, prints, and texts, together with objects and animations. An unequivocal commitment to processes of transformation, reversal, conceiving anew, and revision epitomizes Sillman’s painterly explorations. Her serial drawings and multi-layered paintings move skillfully between abstraction and figuration – sometimes multi-colored, while on other occasions monochrome, at times featuring complex forms, and at others figures or body parts. But they are always full of the joy in painting.
Amy Sillman has been working on the tenets of the medium of painting since the early 1990s. Her artistic development remains influenced by the New York of the 1970s and ongoing political tensions between visual and linguistic forms of expression. While painting was being criticized as a “commercial” medium, Sillman took inspiration from a previous generation of groundbreaking painters, who had pursued a non-commercial, abstract-based practice. Her robust and expressive visual language makes repeated reference to art history, including such painters and sculptors as Jacob Lawrence, Philip Guston, Lee Krasner, Joan Mitchell, Eva Hesse, Nancy Spero, Elizabeth Murray, Nicolas Moufarrege, Ida Applebroog, and Jack Whitten. At the same time, she was, and still remains, close to both experimental writing and film.
Sillman has succeeded in revitalizing Abstract Expressionism by moving seamlessly between different media and incorporating such elements as collage, drawing, and printmaking into her practice. Her work draws on art historical references, particularly post-war American gestural painting, which she employs as both an influence and contradistinction. The artist explores the feminist critiques of notions such as mastery, genius, and power that have enabled her to introduce such qualities as humor, awkwardness, self-deprecation, affect, and doubt into her practice. Amy Sillman has spent the past three decades questioning the language and practice of painting, reassessing its history, but also extending it employing new mechanical and digital processes.
Oh, Clock!: on the exhibition
Amy Sillman’s powerful and evocative oeuvre is being presented in selected groups of works from the last fifteen years. Drawing on her explorations of the history of the medium, her complex painterly methods both on and beyond the canvas, her research-based writing practice, her engagement with museum collections, and her international teaching, the exhibition Oh, Clock! provides a range of insights into Sillman’s approach to painting and, as the title suggests, her interest in painting as a time-based medium.
The presentation includes around thirty paintings and three hundred works on paper, several digital animations, as well as site-specific installations. It has been conceived as a large-scale installation of differing modes of work that all address the aspect of time. Co-curated with the artist, the exhibition is informed by targeted encounters between densely composed paintings and extensive drawing series, object-like groups of prints, video works accompanied by poetic soundtracks, wall paintings, animations, and interventions in the form of installations.
Time
The particular focus on the aspect of time in painting is to an extent a result of the artist’s elaborate working method. Some of the paintings on display were created over the course of many months, Sillman works steadily – applying colors, drawing, painting, scraping, wiping, and overpainting – until a work reaches a point where it begins expressing something and an emergent meaning crystalizes. Others are compelling in their rhythmic gestures, and rapidly applied areas of color, while animated drawings enable viewers to trace the individual steps of the artist’s thinking and decision-making processes. Amy Sillman has stated that “time is packed into the paintings, the time of their making, which is largely covered to the viewer. I like to reveal the underlayers to think about how time is packed in there, so that’s one thing.”
Her art strives towards film and poetry, in which time can be compressed or expanded. Yet, for Sillman, time is also evident in the significance she places on the process of painterly development and the discovery of graphic gestures. It is here that her critical revision of Abstract Expressionism becomes comprehensible as a contemporary struggle for the communicative potential of an abstract painting that is liberating itself from the claims of mastery that past generations had made, opening up new emotional terrain. Her turn to the awkward and clumsy endows painting with renewed credibility and topicality during a period in which the subjective in art is seeking to be articulated in a hybrid, fluid, and process-based manner.
Images and Words
In 1975, inspired by long trips through Japan and the USA, Amy Sillman moved to New York to attend a course in Japanese studies. Having always been fascinated by language, she also began taking classes in calligraphy. It was in this context that she first discovered her passion for the interplay of word and image, abstraction and figuration. Fueled by this enthusiasm, she transferred to the School of Visual Arts in New York in the late 1970s to study illustration. However, she quickly found more like-minded people in painting. The New York art scene of that period has had a significant influence on her.
Amy Sillman’s background in illustration and her affinity for language and writing continue to inform her art today. Her works are based on such traditional genres as landscape and portrait, as well as abstraction and cartoons, but also on her fascination with the genesis of form during the processes of experimental painting.
The enthusiasm and care with which Amy Sillman paints, but also speaks, writes, and thinks about painting is reflected in her texts and teaching, as well as in the presentation of her works. Sillman has been writing about art for many years, both her own and that of predecessors. Her references are as varied as her work and may include anecdotes from her everyday life together with art historical treatises addressing practice and form.
Figuration and Abstraction
The artist repeatedly explores the roles of figurative, cartoon, and abstract elements, always asking herself whether something abstract can become a vehicle for feelings or could even form a language. This is evident, for example, in the almost 200 drawings from the series UGH for 2023 (Words / Torsos) on display in the present exhibition. Bodies and words are broken down into lines and sequences of guttural letters, producing an experimental collage of changing emotional states. Presented on a wall, next to and on top of each other, the process-based nature as well as the construction of an emotional texture become apparent: the forms and surfaces merge into one another, duplicating and changing, the sequencing reminiscent of a storyboard or flip book. Yet Sillman’s involvement with painting does not end when she puts down her brush. She also produces digital animations that, like her painting series, document the development of abstract forms, trace the dynamics of the creative process, and simultaneously provoke emotions, while frequently relating humorous stories.
Drawing and Practice
Sillman considers drawing as the point of departure for all her work. In painting and drawing she employs countless layers, none of which remain ultimately visible, but are nonetheless palpable through the works’ active surfaces. She explores gestural forms of production in her inkjet and screen-printed canvases, zines, and more recently, her iPhone video animations. She brings her digitally drawn figures to life in them, creating a space in which to reflect on her preferred media of painting and drawing and their respective limitations.
Since 2010, Amy Sillman has been using her iPhone and iPad to document the process of creating her works and transfer them to other media. She states: “I always cut, ruin, dub over, erase, add, scrape, bring back, continue, reverse. The digital just gave me a useful tool in being able to go both forward and backward in time... not just accumulatively forward as in a painted surface.”
Presentation and Display
The way in which her art is presented is particularly important to Sillman. The exhibition Oh, Clock! demonstrates how intensely the artist works both in space and in relation to space. She frequently creates idiosyncratic displays in which she intervenes in the space by means of constructions, color, and hangings – employing painting to obscure the spatial structure while also questioning the boundaries of the image. The unconventional mode of presenting her paintings and drawings enables the artist to subvert the expectations of a conventional painting exhibition while bringing the creative process to the fore.
Biography
Amy Sillman was born in Detroit in 1955 and now lives in New York. She is renowned for her process-based paintings that move between abstraction and figuration as well as an oeuvre encompassing such unusual media as animation, zines, and installation. During recent decades Sillman’s rigorous practice and writing has significantly influenced the discipline of painting.
Sillman moved from Detroit to New York in the 1970s to attend a course in Japanese studies, but shifted to art, earning a BFA from the School of Visual Arts in 1979, where she became deeply involved in ongoing debates about the future viability of contemporary painting. She joined the feminist and counterculture movements, becoming an assistant to artist Pat Steir as well as a member of and contributor to the feminist journal Heresies. Sillman earned an MFA from Bard College in 1995 and joined the school’s art faculty in 1996. She taught in Bard’s MFA painting program from 1997 to 2013, and served as chair of the painting department from 2002 to 2013. In recent years, Sillman has written extensively about her own art as well as the works of other artists.
A comprehensive presentation of the artist’s paintings on paper was on display in the exhibition The Milk of Dreams, curated by Cecilia Alemani at the 59th Biennale di Venezia. Sillman has exhibited worldwide in major international institutions, including solo exhibitions at Arts Club of Chicago (2019); Camden Arts Center, London (2018); and Kunsthaus Bregenz (2015), as well as in group exhibitions at Lenbachhaus, Munich (2018); Whitney Museum of American Art, New York (2016); Tate Modern, London (2015); and MoMA, New York (2015). The first museum survey of her work one lump or two, curated by Helen Molesworth, opened in 2013 at the Institute of Contemporary Art in Boston. Her work is represented in numerous museum collections in the USA and Europe, including MoMA, New York; Whitney Museum of American Art, New York; Tate Modern, London; Musée d’Art Moderne, Paris; Moderna Museet, Stockholm; Museum of Fine Arts, Boston; Art Institute of Chicago; and Hammer Museum, Los Angeles. She recently curated an Artist’s Choice exhibition at MoMA titled The Shape of Shape that opened in 2019.
Accompanying program
Let’s talk about painting!
Guided tour with Amy Sillman. In conversation with Kathleen Bühler, the artist talks about her work, her artistic practice in general, and the way she curated the dialogue between her work and the art collection of Kunstmuseum Bern.
Saturday, 21. September 2024, 14:00
Exhibition tour in English
Sunday, 11:30: 15.12.2024
Imprint
Amy Sillman. Oh, Clock!
Kunstmuseum Bern
20.9.2024–2.2.2025
Curator: Kathleen Bühler
Curatorial assistant: Nina Liechti
Exhibition catalogue: Amy Sillman. Oh, Clock!, edited by Eva Birkenstock, Kathleen Bühler and Nina Zimmer, Verlag der Buchhandlung Walther und Franz König, Cologne 2024. With contributions from Eva Birkenstock, Julia Bryan-Wilson, Kathleen Bühler, Sabeth Buchmann, Rose Higham-Stainton, Michelle Kuo and Jenny Nachtigall
Digital guide:
Implementation: NETNODE AG
Project: Andriu Deflorin, Cédric Zubler
With the support of:
Kunstmuseum Bern
Hodlerstrasse 8–12, 3011 Bern
+41 31 328 09 44
info@kunstmuseumbern.ch
kunstmuseumbern.ch/AmySillman